![]() Dogs have been domesticated for several thousands of years (beginning anywhere between 18,800 and 32,100 years ago, according to a recent study published in the journal Science) and one of their strongest characteristics is the desire to please us. The second school is training using Positive Reinforcement and is based on the psychological theories of Classical Conditioning (forming an association between two stimuli a la Pavlov's Dog) and Operant Conditioning (forming an association between a stimuli and a consequence). However, although it may succeed in teaching the dog some cues effectively, it is also highly likely to create anxiety, stress, avoidance, learned helplessness (especially when learning a new behavior, as they are unlikely to understand what is wanted at first, and will be punished for their confusion) and even aggression. This can seem completely natural to many people after all, it's the way our own society is structured. An example we are probably all familiar with is the image of a rolled up newspaper being used to hit a dog's snout. ![]() This is called Compulsion Training, and it teaches compliance through punishment: essentially, "Do what you're told or something bad will happen". As a result, fast, effective training was prioritized, with little weight given to whether the methods were beneficial to the dogs themselves. The first school is one which developed during World War II, when dogs began to be used to assist in combat. His work became famous, largely because it was the first systematic study of the basic laws of learning and conditioning.Whether you've just gotten a puppy, or have decided that it's time or your old dog to pull up all four socks and learn some new tricks, you've probably discovered that there are almost as many training techniques as there are dog trainers! This can be both confusing and intimidating, especially when it comes to trying to interpret the terminology and decide what is best for you and your pet.Īlthough there is almost infinite variety in the fine details, and of course every critter is unique, there are currently two broad schools of thought when it comes to dog training. ![]() He said that if the time between the two items were too long, the learning would not occur. It was founded that in order for associations between two stimuli to be made (such as the metronome and the food), they had to be presented close together in time. This response was learned (conditioned), which was referred to as a conditioned response or a Pavlovian response. This means that the dog learned to associate the metronome and the food with a learned behavior. Over time, the sounds of the clicking metronome caused an increase in salivation.Ĭonditioned Stimulus (Metronome) > Conditioned Response (Salivate) He used a metronome and clicked it right before giving the dogs food. This means he wanted to elicit a response each time a new stimuli occurred. He then began working with neutral stimuli (things that did not elicit responses from dogs instinctively) and he wanted to “condition” the dogs.
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